Ancestors of the Rottweiler are believed to have marched into Europe with the Roman armies and once there, to have interbred with local herding dogs. They herded cattle to market and guarded the money (wearing in on their collars) on the return journey. The Rottweiler was named after the town of Rottweil in Germany which was a centre for cattle production. Mechanized transport helped to change the focus of the Rottweiler's job from herder to police, protection, and guard dog.

The Rottweiler stands up to 27 inches at the shoulder and has a harsh, shiny, black coat with tan or brown markings. He is a powerful dog with a sturdy build. As befits a working guard dog, he has great strength, agility, and endurance.